About: Process (computing)

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In computing, a process is the instance of a computer program that is being executed by one or many threads. It contains the program code and its activity. Depending on the operating system (OS), a process may be made up of multiple threads of execution that execute instructions concurrently. For security and reliability, most modern operating systems prevent direct communication between independent processes, providing strictly mediated and controlled inter-process communication functionality.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Thing event
rdfs:label	Process (computing) (en)
rdfs:comment	In computing, a process is the instance of a computer program that is being executed by one or many threads. It contains the program code and its activity. Depending on the operating system (OS), a process may be made up of multiple threads of execution that execute instructions concurrently. For security and reliability, most modern operating systems prevent direct communication between independent processes, providing strictly mediated and controlled inter-process communication functionality. (en)
rdfs:seeAlso	History of operating systems
sameAs	Process (computing) Process (computing) Process (computing)
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Subject	Concurrent computing Process (computing) Operating system technology
gold:hypernym	Instance
prov:wasDerivedFrom	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_(computing)?oldid=1073605681&ns=0
Wikipage page ID	45178 (xsd:integer)
page length (characters) of wiki page	15854 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
Wikipage revision ID	1073605681 (xsd:integer)
has abstract	In computing, a process is the instance of a computer program that is being executed by one or many threads. It contains the program code and its activity. Depending on the operating system (OS), a process may be made up of multiple threads of execution that execute instructions concurrently. While a computer program is a passive collection of instructions typically stored in a file on disk, a process is the execution of those instructions after being loaded from the disk into memory. Several processes may be associated with the same program; for example, opening up several instances of the same program often results in more than one process being executed. Multitasking is a method to allow multiple processes to share processors (CPUs) and other system resources. Each CPU (core) executes a single task at a time. However, multitasking allows each processor to switch between tasks that are being executed without having to wait for each task to finish (preemption). Depending on the operating system implementation, switches could be performed when tasks initiate and wait for completion of input/output operations, when a task voluntarily yields the CPU, on hardware interrupts, and when the operating system scheduler decides that a process has expired its fair share of CPU time (e.g, by the Completely Fair Scheduler of the Linux kernel). A common form of multitasking is provided by CPU's time-sharing that is a method for interleaving the execution of users' processes and threads, and even of independent kernel tasks – although the latter feature is feasible only in preemptive kernels such as Linux. Preemption has an important side effect for interactive processes that are given higher priority with respect to CPU bound processes, therefore users are immediately assigned computing resources at the simple pressing of a key or when moving a mouse. Furthermore, applications like video and music reproduction are given some kind of real-time priority, preempting any other lower priority process. In time-sharing systems, context switches are performed rapidly, which makes it seem like multiple processes are being executed simultaneously on the same processor. This simultaneous execution of multiple processes is called concurrency. For security and reliability, most modern operating systems prevent direct communication between independent processes, providing strictly mediated and controlled inter-process communication functionality. (en)
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_(computing)
is rdfs:seeAlso of	Linux kernel
is Wikipage redirect of	Process(OS) Process(computing) Process(isd) System process Windows process Windows processes Processor array Computer process Software job Process (computer science) Process (information system development) Process (operating system) Process (software) Process table Processorarray Unix process
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of	Flow-based programming Fork (system call) Fork bomb Fork–exec Load (computing) Loadable kernel module Local Inter-Process Communication Local Security Authority Subsystem Service Log rotation Machine-generated data Machine code Macro Express NLTSS NPAPI Non-blocking linked list Ntop Ntoskrnl.exe Null device NuttX Nyotron O(1) scheduler O(n) scheduler OProfile OS-9 OS X El Capitan .NET Remoting /dev/full 64-bit computing 9P A/UX ABA problem AFX Windows Rootkit 2003 API-Calculus ARINC 653 ARPA Host Name Server Protocol ASP.NET Web Forms AVG PC TuneUp Access token Acknowledgement (data networks) Active Directory Active Oberon Address space layout randomization Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment Affinity mask Akoustik Piano Allied Standards Avionics Architecture Council Allusions to Poe's "The Raven" Ambient authority Anticipatory scheduling Apache HTTP Server Apache Portable Runtime

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